◆ TKKI KANAYAMA’S OFFICIAL HOMEPAGE.
◆ KANAYAMA’S ANTHROPOLOGY HANDBOOK.
(Kanh)39209
THE ENTRY WORD
‘‘ P ’’ OF
KANAYAMA’S
PALEOANTHROPOLOGY
DICTIONARY,
ENGLISH EDITION.
MENU (THE TABLE OF CONTENTS) .
■ PLEASE SELECT AND CLICK
THE FOLLOWING.
□ PALEOANTHROPOLOGY DICTIONARY
□ P ● ALPHABETICALLY.
〇 PA PALEOANTHROPOLOGY.
(DEFINITION).
〇 PA ❖ PARANTHROPUS
The genus Paranthropus.
(⇒ HUMAN.)
(⇒ HUMAN
TAXONOMY.)
■ THE HUMAN
1 GENUS,
1 GROUP, AND
3 SPECIES, OF
THE PARANTH-
ROPUS GROUP
OR THE GENUS
PARANTHROPUS.
(⇒ PARANTHROPUS
(⇒ PARANTHROPUS
BOISEI).
(⇒ PARANTHROPUS
ROBUSTUS).
■ THE HUMAN
3 SPECIES OF THE
29 SPECIES OF THE
HUMAN.
■ THE PARANTHROPUS
GROUP OR THE GENUS
PARANTHROPUS IS
1 GENUS,
1 GROUP, AND
3 SPECIES, OF
THE HUMAN .
■ THE PARANTH-
ROPUS GROUP
OR THE GENUS
PARANTHROPUS.
○ 1 GENUS,
1 GROUP, AND
3 SPECIES, OF
THE HUMAN.
< 7 GENERA,
7 GROUPS, AND
17 SPECIES OF
THE EARLY HUMAN.
< 1 SUBTRIBE,
2 SORTS,
4 TYPES,
7 GENERA,
10 GROUPS, AND
29 SPECIES OF
THE HUMAN.
■ THE PARANTH-
ROPUS GROUP
OR THE GENUS
PARANTHROPUS.
<THE EARLY HUMAN.
<THE HUMAN.
〇 PA PARANTHROPUS
The species
Paranthropus aethiopicus .
(⇒ PARANTHROPUS
■ THE HUMAN
1 SPECIES.
■ 1 SPECIES OF
THE 3 SPECIES
OF THE
PARANTHROPUS
GROUP OR
THE GENUS
PARANTHROPUS.
■ THE SPECIES
PARANTHROPUS
AETHIOPICUS IS
1 SPECIES OF THE
HUMAN , AND
1 SPECIES OF THE
3 SPECIES OF THE
PARANTHROPUS
GROUP OR THE GENUS
PARANTHROPUS.
■ THE SPECIES
PARANTHROPUS
AETHIOPICUS.
<THE PARANTHROPUS
GROUP OR THE GENUS
PARANTHROPUS.
<THE EARLY HUMAN.
<THE HUMAN.
〇 PA PARANTHROPUS
The species
Paranthropus boisei .
(⇒ PARANTHROPUS
■ THE HUMAN
1 SPECIES.
■ 1 SPECIES OF
THE 3 SPECIES
OF THE
PARANTHROPUS
GROUP OR
THE GENUS
PARANTHROPUS.
■ THE SPECIES
PARANTHROPUS
BOISEI.
<THE PARANTHROPUS
GROUP OR THE GENUS
PARANTHROPUS.
<THE EARLY HUMAN.
<THE HUMAN.
〇 PA PARANTHROPUS
The species
Paranthropus robustus .
(⇒ PARANTHROPUS
■ THE HUMAN
1 SPECIES.
■ 1 SPECIES OF
THE 3 SPECIES
OF THE
PARANTHROPUS
GROUP OR
THE GENUS
PARANTHROPUS.
■ THE SPECIES
PARANTHROPUS
ROBUSTUS.
<THE PARANTHROPUS
GROUP OR THE GENUS
PARANTHROPUS.
<THE EARLY HUMAN.
<THE HUMAN.
〇 PR PREHISTORIC
〇 PR PRESENT-DAY
HUMAN
(:A HUMAN OF THE
PRESENT AGE).
(⇒ HOMO SAPIENS
SAPIENS).
■ THE PRESENT-DAY
HUMAN IS A HUMAN OF
THE PRESENT AGE .
■ THE PRESENT-DAY
HUMAN IS
THE HUMAN OF HOMO
SAPIENS SAPIENS HAVING
THE MACHINE CIVILIZATION .
〇 PR PRESENT HUMAN.
(THE PRSENT HUMAN.)
Subspecies
Homo sapiens sapiens .
(: THE EXTANT HUMAN
BEING).
(⇒ EXTANT HUMAN
BEING).
(⇒ HOMO SAPIENS
SAPIENS).
■ 1 SUBSPECIES OF
THE SPECIES HOMO
SAPIENS.
○ THE SUBSPECIES
HOMO SAPIENS
SAPIENS IS
1 SUBSPECIES OF
THE 2 SUBSPECIES
OF THE SPECIES
HOMO SAPIENS.
■ THE HUMAN
(:the subtribe Hominina) IS
DIVIDED INTO THE THE
EXTINCT HUMAN BEING
AND THE EXTANT
HUMAN BEING.
■ THE SUBSPECIES
HOMO SAPIENS
SAPIENS.
<THE SPECIES HOMO
SAPIENS.
<THE GENUS HOMO.
<THE HUMAN.
〇 PR PRESENT HUMAN
SPECIES.
(THE PRESENT
HUMAN SPECIES).
The species
Homo sapiens.
(⇒ HOMO SAPIENS).
(:THE EXTANT HUMAN
SPECIES ).
(:THE SPECIES HOMO
SAPIENS OF THE
GENUS HOMO).
■ THE HUMAN
1 SPECIES.
■ 1 SPECIES AND
2 SUBSPECIES
OF THE HOMO
SAPIENS GROUP.
■ THE HUMAN IS
DIVIDED INTO THE EXTINCT
HUMAN SPECIES AND THE
EXTANT HUMAN SPECIES.
■ THE SPECIES
HOMO SAPIENS.
<THE HOMO SAPIENS
GROUP.
<THE GENUS HOMO.
<THE HUMAN.
〇 PR ❖ PREVIOUS HOMO
THE.
The Previous Homo
sapiens Group,
the genus Homo.
(⇒ HUMAN.)
(⇒ HUMAN
TAXONOMY.)
■ THE HUMAN
1 TYPE,
1 GROUP AND
6 SPECIES OF
THE PREVIOUS
HOMO SAPIENS
GROUP.
(⇒ HOMO
(⇒ HOMO
(⇒ HOMO
(⇒ HOMO HELMEI.)
(⇒ HOMO
(⇒ HOMO
■ THE HUMAN
6 SPECIES OF THE
15 SPECIES OF THE
GENUS HOMO.
■ THE HUMAN
6 SPECIES OF THE
29 SPECIES OF THE
HUMAN.
■ THE PREVIOUS HOMO
SAPIENS GROUP IS
1 TYPE,
A PART OF THE
GENUS HOMO,
1 GROUP, AND
6 SPECIES, OF
THE HUMAN .
■ THE PREVIOUS
HOMO SAPIENS
GROUP.
○ 1 TYPE,
A PART OF THE
GENUS HOMO,
1 GROUP, AND
6 SPECIES, OF
THE HUMAN.
< 4 GROUPS AND
15 SPECIES OF
THE GENUS HOMO.
< 1 SUBTRIBE,
2 SORTS,
4 TYPES,
7 GENERA,
10 GROUPS, AND
29 SPECIES OF
THE HUMAN.
■ THE PREVIOUS
HOMO SAPIENS
GROUP.
<THE GENUS HOMO.
<THE HUMAN.
〇 PR PRIMATE
■ 《THE NEW
TAXONOMY》.
THE HAPLORRHINE
AND
THE STREPSIRRHINE
○ 《THE OLD
TAXONOMY》.
THE SIMIAN
AND
THE PROSIMIAN.
■ IN THE NEW TAXONOMY,
THE PRIMATE IS
DIVIDED INTO THE
HAPLORRHINE AND THE
STREPSIRRHINE
■ IN THE OLD TAXONOMY,
THE PRIMATE IS
DIVIDED INTO THE
THE SIMIAN AND THE
PROSIMIAN.
■ THE PRIMATE.
<THE PLACENTAL
MAMMAL.
<THE MAMMAL.
<THE VERTEBRATE
ANIMAL.
<THE ANIMAL.
〇 PR PROCONSUL
HAMILTONI.
(⇒ MIOCENE
HOMINOID).
■ PROCONSUL HAMILTONI
IS ONE APE OF THE MIOCENE
HOMINOIDS (APES), AND
ONE OF THE COMMON
ANCESTORS OF THE EXTANT
NON-HUMAN APES AND THE
HUMAN RACE.
● ALPHABETICALLY.
■ THE TABLE OF UPPER WEB
SITES.
□ (KOH) Kanayama’s Official >
□ (Cse) International Understanding >
□ (Ke) Encyclopedia. >
□ (Kanh) Anthropology Handbook. >
□ (Kanh) Anthropology Dictionary. >
□ (Kanh) Paleoanthropology >
□ (Kanh) This English Page.
■ Copyright(C) TKKI Kanayama .
All Rights Reserved.
◆ THE DICTIONARY OF
PALEOANTHROPOLOGY.
● EACH ENTRY WORD IS SHOWN IN
GREEN MARK .
● 〈 〉 : 〈THE ORIGINAL LIVING PLACE〉.
THE APPEARANCE REGION.
THE ABORIGINAL PLACE.
● 《 》 : 〈THE MIGRATION PLACE〉.
THE APPEARANCE REGION.
THE EMIGRATION PLACE.
THE ENLARGED LIVING REGION.
● 【 】 : THE APPEARANCE (LIVING) TIME.
★ THE HUMANS OF THE PRESENT
HUMAN’S DIRECT LINE .
PALEOANTHROPOLOGY DICTIONARY ,
◆ THE ADDITIONAL SITES.
■ THE ADDITIONAL SITE NO.
en−p−1824 OF THE ‘‘ p ’’ BASIC
SITE NO. en− p OF THIS
PALEOANTHROPOLOGY DICTIONARY.
● ENTRY P R E ( R 18 / E NEAR 24
THE DEF GROUP).
〇 PR PREVIOUS KIND OF
■ THE ADDITIONAL SITE NO.
en−p−0166 OF THE ‘‘ p ’’ BASIC
SITE NO. en− p OF THIS
PALEOANTHROPOLOGY DICTIONARY.
● ENTRY P A R ( A 01 / R NEAR 66
THE PQR GROUP).
〇 PA PARANTHROPUS, THE
〇 PA PARANTHROPUS
〇 PA PARANTHROPUS
〇 PA PARANTHROPUS
#prehistorichumansappearingscenes
■ PREHISTORIC
HUMAN
DOCUMENTARIES,
DRAMAS AND
MOVIES.
◆ THE DOCUMENTARIES,
DRAMAS AND MOVIES
ON PREHISTORIC
HUMANS.
#prehistorichumansappearingscenes-documentaries
★ THE WONDERFUL
DOCUMENTARIES
ON PREHISTORIC
HUMANS.
■ ‘‘ HUMAN JOURNEY ’’
(2009 UK BBC SCIENCE TV
DOCUMENTARY).
■ PART I ‘‘ OUT OF AFRICA ’’,
PART II ‘‘ ASIA ’’‘,
PART III ‘‘ EUROPE ’’,
PART IV ‘‘ THE AMERICAS ’’.
■ ‘‘ WALKING WITH
CAVEMEN ’’ (2003).
■ ‘‘ WALKING WITH CAVEMEN ’’
OF THE 2003 BRITISH BBC TV
DOCUMENTARY.
■ ‘‘ WALKING WITH
BEASTS ’’ (2001).
■ ‘‘ WALKING WITH BEASTS ’’
OF THE 2001 BRITISH BBC TV
DOCUMENTARY.
#prehistorichumansappearingscenes-dramas
★ THE WONDERFUL
FICTION DRAMAS
ON PREHISTORIC
HUMANS.
■ NOTE :
● THE FACTS AND FICTION ARE MIXED IN
THE FICTION DRAMAS AND MOVIES .
● PLEASE KEEP IN MIND THAT THE LIVING
BEINGS OF DIFFERENT LIVING PERIODS
AND PLACES, APPEAR TOGETHER AT THE
SAME TIME AND PLACE, IN MANY SCENES
OF THE FICTION DRAMAS AND MOVIES .
#prehistorichumansappearingscenes-movies
★ THE WONDERFUL
FICTION MOVIES ON
PREHISTORIC
HUMANS.
■ NOTE :
● THE FACTS AND FICTION ARE MIXED IN
THE FICTION DRAMAS AND MOVIES .
● PLEASE KEEP IN MIND THAT THE LIVING
BEINGS OF DIFFERENT LIVING PERIODS
AND PLACES, APPEAR TOGETHER AT THE
SAME TIME AND PLACE, IN MANY SCENES
OF THE FICTION DRAMAS AND MOVIES .
■ ‘‘ 10,000 B.C. ’’
(2008).
■ ‘‘ 10,000 B.C. ’’ OF THE 2008
US MOVIE.
PALEOANTHROPOLOGY DICTIONARY .
■ PALEOANTHROPOLOGY
(DEFINITION).
■ PALEOANTHROPOLOGY
(DEFINITION).
■ PALEOANTHROPOLOGY IS
A SCIENCE THAT DEALS WITH
PREHISTORIC HUMAN BEINGS
AND THEIR RELATIONSHIPS,
DISTRIBUTION AND BEHAVIOR.
■ PALEOANTHROPOLOGY IS
A STUDY FOR PREHISTORIC
HUMAN RACES AND CLEARING
UP THE RELATIONSHIPS
BETWEEN THE EXTANT HUMAN
RACE AND THE EXTINCT HUMAN
RACE.
PALEOANTHROPOLOGY DICTIONARY ,
■ PRIMATE
■ THE PRIMATE.
■ NAME : PRIMATE(S).
■ SCIENTIFIC NAME : Primates .
■ TAXONOMY RANK : Order Primates .
■ TAXONOMY : Class Mammalia, Subclass
Theria, Infraclass Eutheria , Order Primates.
■ PLACENTAL MAMMAL (EUTHERIAN) OF THE
● THE PALEOANTHROPOLOGY
DICTIONARY BY TKKI KANAYAMA .
■ (NEW TAXONOMY)
THE HAPLORRHINE AND THE STREPSIRRHINE .
■ (OLD TAXONOMY)
THE SIMIAN AND THE PROSIMIAN .
(PRIMATE).
■ 8 KINDS OF EXTANT PRIMATES :
@ TARSIERS Infraorder Tarsiiforms .
A NEW WORLD Parvorder Platyrrhini .
MONKEYS
(PLATYRRHINES)
B CERCOPITHECINES Subfamily Cercopithecinae .
C COLOBINES Subfamily Colobinae .
○ GIBBONS Family Hylobatidae ,
○ ORANGUTANS Genus Pongo
○ GORILLAS Genus Gorilla
○ CHIMPANZEES Genus Pan .
E HUMANS Subtribe Hominina .
F LEMURS Infraorder Lemuriformes .
G LORISES Infraorder Loriformes .
● PALEOANTHROPOLOGY DICTIONARY
BY TKKI KANAYAMA .
● (E.G.) @ SPECTRAL TARSIER A BROWN
WOOLLY MONKEY B BLACK SNUB−NOSED
MONKEY C WESTERN RED COLOBUS
D BORNEAN ORANGUTAN E HOMO SAPIENS
F VERREAUXS SIFAKA G SLENDER LORIS.
■ EVOLUTION :
■ PRIMATE
<PLACENTAL MAMMAL (EUTHERIAN)
<VERTEBRAT E WITH JAW (Gnathostomata)
<VERTEBRATE <ANIMAL.
● BELONGING TO PLACENTAL MAMMAL
(EUTHERIAN) OF THE MAMMAL OF THE
AMNIOTE OF THE TETRAPOD OF THE
VERTEBRATE WITH JAW (Gnathostomata).
■ ANIMAL EVOLUTION : UNICELLULAR
MICROBES ⇒ MULTICELLUAR MICROBES ⇒
INVERTEBRATE ANIMALS (CHORDATES,
VISIBLE BIG LIVING BEINGS) ⇒ FISH
(VERTEBRATE ANIMALS) ⇒ AMPHIBIANS ⇒
REPTILES ⇒ MAMMALS AND BIRDS.
● PALEOANTHROPOLOGY DICTIONARY
BY TKKI KANAYAMA .
■ HUMAN EVOLUTION : UNICELLULAR
MICROBES ⇒ MULTICELLUAR MICROBES ⇒
INVERTEBRATE ANIMALS (CHORDATES,
VISIBLE BIG CREATURES) ⇒ FISH
(VERTEBRATE ANIMALS) ⇒ AMPHIBIANS ⇒
REPTILES ⇒ PLACENTAL MAMMALS
(:EUTHERIANS) ⇒ PRIMATES ⇒ HUMANS.
■ THE PRIMATE OF THE VERTEBRATE ANIMAL
(HUMAN FAR ANCESTORS), APPEARED
AROUND 56 MILLION YEARS AGO (:MYA)
ON THE EARTH.
■ LATER, THE PRIMATE EVOLVED TO THE
HUMAN RACE AND THE HUMAN RACE
APPEARED AROUND 7 MILLION YEARS AGO .
■ AROUND 56 MILLION YEARS AGO, THE
PRIMATE APPEARED .
■ ABOUT 25 MILLION YEARS AGO, THE
ANTHROPOID APE (:THE MIOCENE
HOMINOID, THE FOSSIL ANTHROPOID APE)
OF THE PRIMATE, APPEARED.
● PALEOANTHROPOLOGY DICTIONARY
BY TKKI KANAYAMA .
■ ABOUT 7 MILLION YEARS AGO,
THE HUMAN RACE APPEARED IN AFRICA .
● THE MIOCENE HOMINOID (APE)
WALKED UPRIGHT IN AFRICA
ABOUT 7 MILLION YEARS AGO, AND THE
HUMAN RACE APPEARED.
● THE FIRST HUMAN RACE, SAHELANTHROPUS
APPEARED IN CENTRAL AFRICA ABOUT 7
MILLION YEARS AGO.
◆ THE SCIENTIFIC
CLASSIFICATION
OF THE ORDER
PRIMATES.
■ THE SCIENTIFIC
CLASSIFICATION
TABLE OF
THE ORDER
PRIMATES.
■ THE SCIENTIFIC CLASSIFICATION
TABLE OF PRIMATES.
Domain: Eukaryota.
Kingdom: Animalia.
Phylum: Chordata.
Subphylum: Vertebrata.
Class: Mammalia.
Infraclass: Eutheria.
■ THE PRIMATE :
9 GROUPS.
Order: Primates.
Suborder: Haplorrhini.
Infraorder : Simiiformes.
Parvorder: Catarrhini.
Superfamily: Hominoidea.
Family: Hominidae.
Subfamily: Homininae.
Tribe: Hominini.
Subtribe: Hominina.
(: the human 7 genera
and 29 species).
(the subtribe→the genus→
the species→the subspecies).
● ANTHROPOLOGY HANDBOOK
BY TKKI KANAYAMA.
■ (7)ー(10) THE HUMAN OF THE
GENUS HOMO : 15 SPECIES.⇒
Genus: Homo.
■ (10) THE HUMAN OF THE
SPECIES HOMO SAPIENS OR
THE EXTANT (PRESENT) HUMAN
SPECIES) : 1 SPECIES.
Species: Homo sapiens.
● ANTHROPOLOGY HANDBOOK
BY TKKI KANAYAMA.
■ THE SCIENTIFIC
CLASSIFICATION
TABLE OF THE
ORDER PRIMATES.
■ THE PRIMATE.
THE SCIENTIFIC NAME( S.N.) :
the order: Primates.
● ANTHROPOLOGY HANDBOOK
BY TKKI KANAYAMA.
Domain: Eukaryota.
EUKARYOTES.⇒
Kingdom: Animalia.
ANIMALS. ⇒
Phylum: Chordata.
CHORDATES.⇒
Subphylum: Vertebrata.
VERTEBRATES.⇒
Class: Mammalia.
MAMMALS.⇒
Infraclass: Eutheria.
EUTHERIANS.
(:PLACENTAL
MAMMALS).⇒
■ THE PRIMATE :
9 GROUPS.
Order: Primates.
PRIMATES.⇒
Suborder: Haplorrhini.
(NEW CLASSIFICATION).
HAPLORRHINES.⇒
● ANTHROPOLOGY
HANDBOOK BY TKKI
KANAYAMA.
Infraorder : Simiiformes.
(NEW CLASSIFICATION).
SIMIANS.⇒
Parvorder : Catarrhini.
(NEW CLASSIFICATION).
CATARRHINES.⇒
Superfamily: Hominoidea
HOMINOIDS (:APES).
(:(Na-Nla,Nga) NON-HUMAN
APES, AND (Hu) HUMANS).
(:(Na-Nla-gi) NON-HUMAN
LESSER APES (GIBBONS),
AND (Na-Nga-or,go,ch)
NON-HUMAN GREAT APES
(ORANGUTANS, GORILLAS,
CHIMPANZEES), AND
(Hu) HUMANS).⇒
● ANTHROPOLOGY
HANDBOOK
BY TKKI KANAYAMA.
Family: Hominidae
HOMINIDS.
(:(Na-Nga-or,go,ch)
NON-HUMAN GREAT APES
(ORANGUTANS, GORILLAS,
CHIMPANZEES), AND
(Hu) HUMANS).⇒
Subfamily: Homininae
HOMININES.
(:(Na-Nga-go) GORILLAS,
(Na-Nga-ch) CHIMPANZEES,
AND (Hu) HUMANS).⇒
Tribe: Hominini
HOMININS.
(:(Na-Nga-ch) CHIMPANZEES
AND (Hu) HUMANS).⇒
Subtribe: Hominina
(Hu) HUMANS.⇒
● ANTHROPOLOGY
HANDBOOK
BY TKKI KANAYAMA.
■ (7)ー(10) THE HUMAN S OF THE
GENUS HOMO : 15 SPECIES.⇒
Genus: Homo.
■ (10) THE HUMAN OF THE
SPECIES HOMO SAPIENS OR
THE EXTANT (PRESENT) HUMAN
SPECIES) : 1 SPECIES.
Species: Homo sapiens.
■ (10a) THE HUMAN OF THE
SUBSPECIES HOMO SAPIENS
SAPIENS OR THEEXTANT
(PRESENT) HUMAN BEING.
Subspecies: Homo sapiens
sapiens.
● THE ANTHROPOLOGY HANDBOOK
BY TKKI KANAYAMA.
◆ THE TAXONOMY TABLE
OF PRIMATES.
(PRIMATE).
■ THE PRIMATE Order Primates.
■ THE PRIMATES ARE DIVIDED INTO
HAPLORRHINES AND
STREPSIRRHINES,
IN NEW CLASSIFICATION.
■ THE PRIMATES ARE DIVIDED INTO
SIMIANS AND PROSIMIANS ,
IN OLD CLASSIFICATION.
■ THE TAXONOMY OF PRIMATES.
■ THE 8 KINDS OF EXTANT PRIMATES :
(THE 8 GROUPS EXCEPT THE 1 GROUP
OF SIVALADAPIDS THAT WAS EXTINCT
5 MYA).
@ TARSIERS Infraorder Tarsiiforms .
A NEW WORLD Parvorder Platyrrhini .
MONKEYS
(PLATYRRHINES)
B CERCOPITHECINES Subfamily
Cercopithecinae .
C COLOBINES Subfamily Colobinae .
○ GIBBONS Family Hylobatidae ,
○ ORANGUTANS Genus Pongo
○ GORILLAS Genus Gorilla
○ CHIMPANZEES Genus Pan .
E HUMANS Subtribe Hominina .
F LEMURS Infraorder Lemuriformes .
G LORISES Infraorder Loriformes .
● PALEOANTHROPOLOGY DICTIONARY
BY TKKI KANAYAMA .
■ THE TAXONOMY
OF PRIMATES.
■ THE NEW
CLASSIFICATION
OF PRIMATES.
(F) HAPLORRHINES.
(Suborder Haplorrhini). TARSIERS,
MONKEYS, APES AND HUMANS .
(Fa) TARSIERS (Infraorder Tarsiiforms)
(NOW LIVING IN SOUTHEAST ASIA).
(Fb) SIMIANS (Infraorder Simiiformes).
(Fb1) PLATYRRHINES
( Parvorder Platyrrhini) .
NEW WORLD MONKEYS .
(Fb2) CATARRHINES
( Parvorder Catarrhini).
( Fb2-a) OLD WORLD MONKEYS
(Family Cercopithecidae) .
・(Fb2-a1) CERCOPITHECINES
(Subfamily Cercopithecinae).
・(Fb2-a2) COLOBINES
(Subfamily Colobinae).
(Fb2-b) HOMINOIDS
(Superfamily Hominoidea) .
・(Fb2-b1) NONHUMAN APES
( : ANTHROPOID APES ).
・(Fb2-b1-a) MIOCENE HOMINOIDS
(: FOSSIL ANTHROPOID APES).
(EXTINCT AROUND 3 MYA
(MYA:MILLION YEARS AGO).
・(Fb2-b1-b) EXTANT NONHUMAN APES .
( : EXTANT ANTHROPOID APES).
(Family Hylobatidae,Genus Pongo,
Genus Gorilla,Genus Pan : GIBBONS,
ORANGUTANS,GORILLAS AND
CHIMPANZEES).
・(Fb2-b2) HUMANS ( Subtribe Hominina ).
● PALEOANTHROPOLOGY DICTIONARY
BY TKKI KANAYAMA .
(G) STREPSIRRHINES.
(Suborder Strepsirrhini).
NON-TARSIER PROSIMIANS.
(Ga) SIVALADAPIDS (EXTINCT AROUND 5 MYA).
(Gb) LEMURS (Infraorder Lemuriformes)
(NOW LIVING ONLY IN MADAGASCAR).
(Gc) LORISES (Infraorder Loriformes)
(NOW LIVING IN AFRICA AND SOUTHEAST
ASIA).
■ THE TAXONOMY
OF PRIMATES.
■ THE OLD
CLASSIFICATION
OF PRIMATES.
(A) SIMIANS
(Suborder Simiiformes, Suborder
Anthropoidea, ANTHROPOIDS).
(Aa) PLATYRRHINES
( Infraorder Platyrrhini) .
(Aa1) NEW WORLD MONKEYS .
(Ba) CATARRHINES
( Infraorder Catarrhini).
(Ba1) OLD WORLD MONKEYS
(Family Cercopithecidae) .
・(Ba1−a) CERCOPITHECINES
(Subfamily Cercopithecinae).
・(Ba1−b) COLOBINES
(Subfamily Colobinae).
(Ba2) HOMINOIDS (Superfamily Hominoidea) .
・(Ba2−a) NONHUMAN APES
( : ANTHROPOID APES ).
・(Ba2−a1) MIOCENE HOMINOIDS
( : FOSSIL ANTHROPOID APES)
(EXTINCT AROUND 3 MYA (MILLION
YEARS AGO)).
・(Ba2−a2) EXTANT NONHUMAN APES
( : EXTANT ANTHROPOID APES).
(Family Hylobatidae,Genus Pongo,
Genus Gorilla,Genus Pan : GIBBONS,
ORANGUTANS,GORILLAS AND
CHIMPANZEES).
・(Ba2−b) HUMANS ( Subtribe Hominina ).
(B) PROSIMIANS (Suborder Prosimii).
(Ba) SIVALADAPIDS (EXTINCT AROUND 5 MYA).
(Bb) LEMURS (Infraorder Lemuriformes)
(NOW LIVING ONLY IN MADAGASCAR).
(Bc) LORISES (Infraorder Loriformes)
(NOW LIVING IN AFRICA AND SOUTHEAST
ASIA).
(Bd) TARSIERS (Infraorder Tarsiiforms)
(NOW LIVING IN SOUTHEAST ASIA).
● PALEOANTHROPOLOGY DICTIONARY
BY TKKI KANAYAMA .
PALEOANTHROPOLOGY DICTIONARY .
‘‘ WHAT HAS REMAINED
IN YOUR HEART ? ’’
THANK YOU.