Late Roman Shield Patterns



Dux Palaestinae



This page last modified: 1/1/2003

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Frontpiece showing towns 1 prefect and his legionary unit is listed as being under the command of the Duke of Palestine:

Praefectus legionis decimae Fretensis

along with 29 other units or detachments of units:

Equites Dalmatae Illyriciani
Equites promoti Illyriciani
Equites scutarii Illyriciani
Equites Mauri Illyriciani
Equites Thamudeni Illyriciani
Equites promiti indigenae (split over 2 separate locations)
Equites sagittarii indigenae (split over 4 separate locations)
Equites primi felices Palaestini
Ala prima miliaria Sebastena
Ala Antana dromedariorum
Ala Constantiana
Ala secunda felix Valentiana
Ala prima miliara
Ala Idiota () constituta (ie. newly constituted)
Cohors duodecima Valeria
Cohors decima Carthaginensis
Cohors prima agentenaria
Cohors quarta Frygium
Cohors secunda Gratiana
Cohors prima equitata
Cohors secunda Galatarum
Cohors prima Flavia
Cohors quarta Palaestinorum
Cohors secunda Cretensis
Cohors prima salutaria

The men under the Praefectus legionis decimae Fretensis are the old Legio X Fretensis, stationed at Ailae (modern Elat in Israel on the Red Sea), where they had been transferred in the 3rd century; previously they had been based in Jeruslaem. It is possible that the Decimanique Fortenses that Ammianus records as being destroyed at Amida in 359 AD were a detachment of this unit, having arrived there by forced marches before the siege, as none of the legions numbered X are otherwise recorded as being styled Fortenses; another less likely possibility is an otherwise unknown Tenth legion of 3rd century origin called the Fortenses (not beyond the realms of possibility, given a Legio XII Victrix known only from bricks from Strasbourg dating to the 3rd/4th century).

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