Lyup~-}u}yp|~z
}xuz U.M. Dur{s
Ayq|yu{p @|}p~pp «Dur{yz y
}yrp {|p» Ky~yp S. @~|sy y y{p rurp Dur{s. Rq~y{ puz.
Puty|ryu B.S~y}p~rp. Rp~{-Puuqs: Ruuq~z ru{, 2005 — 208 . P
rt xpspt~ |r Sp~ O~usy~ r
u~u |ut~uz y ruy. Ot~z yx p} yxru~ u~
yxrutu~y gErsu~yz O~usy~h r|u ~u}~u~~ p
u~p |ut~uz ruy Sp~ O~usy~}, stu Sp~p, rup ~p
xpxtp|u yx~p~yu O~usy~p r |qry, y, q pry| uu y sry: g`
rp |q| ({ u} |{pry?), / N ts} tp~pG/ ` qt ru{ u}
ru~p.h({yr }z-SK) B {p{} }|u Sp~p r{pxp|p y
|rp? X x~ppu uu ~ru yx~p~yu: g` rp |q| ( { u} |{pry), ...h. ^y
xpspt~u uu |rp, {pwu, t y uu ~u pxsptp~, ~py~p
Au|y~{s y Dur{s, }~syu |yup y {yy{y qrp|y r~y
y }|. P |rp} R. E. Ypp|rp: gB, B... }~s {|u~yz
{y ypu|uz xptprp|y y uqu, uy|y y t| uq, ~ t~x~p~
rur y ~u. `~ |y t~: rpwu~yu { }w y rr t|sp rxrpu
Sp~ r qru~~ s|pxp. Ix}u~p pty |qry y|y |qr, {|u~~p
yx}u~z, - ~u t| ~uu.h1. I Au|y~{yz
y Ypp|r y rqu, { p}pyrpu u~, ut|psp, r~r
yx~p~~p Sp~z g|qrh r|u z wu p}z p~z, {p{ Sp~
r turyuru. P} y} ~uqty} p{u~yrp }p|~u u~~y, gt|sh,
g~prru~~p yph Sp~ ( Au|y~{s rytu~ y~yu{yz ~),
tuwyrpyu uu. Sp{y} qpx}, yx~p~yu Sp~ O~usy~ yqupu
psyu{yz {|y. P |rp} Dur{s, pxtu|yz r urz |ry~u
rus ruwtu~y }~u~yu: gt|sh, g~prru~~p yph Sp~: gS
psuty, ~p y rupu, y uuzy utu|p ~u|x, wu xt~, y r
Sp~p |pu O~usy~ph(26, 142) V q y p{ t| Sp~, p
t| O~usy~p ypy {pxp|p psy{}yu{z. D. D. A|psz }upu: gXu}
wu q~y, y}u~~ r p{u psy{}yu{u |wu~yu pry r
xp{|u~yy }p~p us <s|pr~u |y>?h2. Ot~~~ gpsutyh Sp~ ~u
|~u~~p. Ouryt~, Sp~p y O~usy~ }p|~ ~u ~p t~} r~u.
R|utrpu|~, }~u t}pu, q|uu qutyu|~p rp |ry~p ruwtu~y
Dur{s, stu ~ }upu p{: g...u|y q Sp~p tpwu p|p rqt~,
u|y q }u uu pz }w y ~p rtru|p, y stp q ~p ~u |p xp
O~usy~}h(26, 142) P |rp} Dur{s, Sp~p pxs|tu|p O~usy~p wu
tpr~ y grut x~pu, r ~y |qy |{
r ~r p~pxy, p ~u uu, }y~, {p{ y uwtu, Sp~!h(26, 143) E|y p{, u} Sp~p }u|p
yx~p O~usy~ |y~yz px r |qry r |ut~yz }}u~ ruy? Hpspt{p rv
sq|u. Xq r~y ~
yx~p~y Sp~, u| q ~pp p~p|yxp Dur{s, {z }p|~
yrpr|u O~usy~p Sp~u. gT ~us ~y{p{z r, q|y~{p,
~y}p ru}. Nu p{rp ~p rru: ~uz y r p~yy y r ptp|u{} x~p~yy, syq|p
uu wyx~, ru-p{y u ~u rutu y ~uxq|u}u, ~p ypu uu
tph(26, 143) ^ uu r}y~p~yu turp, ty~, y{~ru~yu
ty~z, t~} ~pt}, us r~u. Kstp ypu} u{ }p~p y |uty} xp
r~u~~uz wyx~ Sp~, y}u r ryt y xp}up~y Dur{s, yr|u{pu
~pu r~y}p~yu ~r~u rzr uu tur~s {|ptp. ^, }w~ {pxp, yy~~
typ|syu{u ~u~yu uu { uqu y }y. Rp} |yyu Sp~ r uru
tsy q~ tuuz xp{|pu r uu {|~~y sxy r r~u~~
wyx~: Hpt}yr,
uu tsp O p}
{|qu|~ t~uz, Suu~yu
u|{s tsp Mup}y
{pp|p uz. A|u uu y~uurp|y ~pt~u
utp~y, |{|~z }y. Rp}u s|pr~u uu {pur pr|u u~yu
y{~ru~y ytz: O~p |qy|p ~p qp|{~u Putuwtp
xpy rt, Kstp ~p
q|ut~} ~uq{|~u Hruxt
yuxpu rt, I y
{pz xu}|y ru|uu, I ru~y{
p, ruu ruu, I rty
uu~~ tu~.h (s|.2..26.28) } ~u |y} }z uu s|, qpu~~z
{ ytu. Su} ~u }u~uu, y xtu xrp| uu r~u~~yz s|, y } x~pu},
|yyr u~z uu ru~z px|{y t~z ytz r 7-z s|pru: Bprp ur}y |p}y, Suu ~p r | uy I,
}y|u~~}y p}y I xyp, sry: gPyu, }y~u t|y~, I r, x~p{} s ruy~, I r,
x~p{}u |upG Py, ~uqu~p {pp, Py ruu|p ytpG c O~p, {p{
tpr~y}y tx}y, R ry}y p}y, |sp}y Eu quutrp uy. ^ r~u~~yz s| Sp~ utpr|u qz typ|s
ytz, y~pu sr qpu~yu <`> ~p
<S> { ytu. Muwt Sp~z y ytz }w~ ut|wy ~u~yu
<` -S> ~y typ|syu{s y|p
Mpy~p Aqup. {u pr|u ~
yy~~s typ|syu{s ~u~y. Gyx~ ytz, Aqu,
urp up, r {z y }y, stu ~u~yu
~u tysp r~ uy, xprpu ~p su uy. Su} ~u }u~uu, t|y~~z
typ|s g}wu q rpwu~ {p{ r |rp, p{ y r }|p~yyh u}|u~yu},
q }uwt p~y{p}y p~ry| gwyru rxpy}~u~yuh3.
Sp~p ~u |{ ru
}p~yu{ }tu| t r|y~yu} u~y }p~r uruz{y }p~yu{y
ypu|uz 18 r., ~ xptpu uqu uux~z r. B y}u uu { O~usy~ ~p
t~z ~, yx~prp p{: gNuxy}z, }~u q| w }y|, /Srz
t~z rxs|t }u~ }y|,/ B tu rz s| pxtprp| / Dpr~...~u, q| ~u ~!/ , r wu ru} tsz ~
~p xptpu uqu r: hK , }z p~su| |y p~yu|, /I|y {rp~z
y{yu|: /My }~u~ pxuy. A }wu, ru u, /Oq}p~
~u~z ty! / Htu pwpu tur~p ypy
Sp~. O~p wu t ruy O~usy~} r ~us r|q|u~p, |ut y}u
suy~ }p~yu{z |yup. R tsz ~ p{p uu }p~yu{p
}upu|~ sq|u uu }~u~yu r up|~} p~uu. Sp{y} qpx}, Sp~ yty
rus tp pr{}}~y{py ~y _. L}p~p
<` - `> r yr|w~ <` - ON>. L}p~ pp{uyxu u
y tr {}}~y{pyz p{: gE|y {}}~y{pyr~p yu}p <` - ON >
quuyrpu |y uutp ~u{s {~p~~s qu}p y~}pyy, r
{p~p|u <` - `> yty uu {puru~~p p~}py, {p
yrty { uuz{u p}s s <`>.h 4. B {}}~y{pyy }uwt<`>(qu{
uutpy) y <ON>(qu{) ~u yty typ|syu{u ~u~yu, p
|{ t~~~ uutpp <}u~ > { <~u}>. g B yu}u s` - ONty~}py
uu}upu r p~ruh(p} wu. _. L}p~). Mw~ {pxp, p}p wyx~ O~usy~p rutu r }
{p~p|u. Oqu} y~}pyy uqu, {p{ qu{u, O~usy~p ~u }u~u,
r|u {~p~~} y ~p r~u p}x~p~y ~us p}s y ~p r~u ryy
us ypu|u}. R|utyu {y uutp p{ ypy su: Tqyr ~p
uty~{u tsp, Dwyr qux
u|y, qux tr D
trptpy uy str, S} r
quxtuzryy tsp Aux
|wq, qux wu~, qux tu|. Nyu}
xp~ ~u }u|. (s|.
r}p. 12) I}
r|ptu| qu{zr, Op { uu}u~u }u O~usy~ ru
ru} uutryspu. O~ p~~z u|ru{. : I ~pp|
p~ry qux u|y, D~z rr t~}; I uury u}, Kp{ ru ~p ruu ~ptu|y;
(s|.8, .12-13) Kstp u ytu Sp~u, y ~uu r
~pu} ru}u~y ~u }up t| tur~s tr|uru~y, p{ wu {p{
O~usy~p. I ~p p{wu p~ru, uuru ru ru}, ~ ~p ~u
p~r, p ru}u~y { |}, . u., uu r~u~~ wyx~ rutu r
{p~p|us` - `t. P|u uxtp O~usy~p yx tuur~y Sp~p ru ru}
xptprp|p uqu r, { ~ p{z u|ru{? Pup {pqy~u
O~usy~p, ~p ~u}~s ~py~pu ~y}p: gSuu ~uu -|prp
As - / Ss, {} ~p rxtp/ Owtu~p tq r|p~z I}u rryt p{ {}}~y{pys` - `t, s|p~
ytu} _. L}p~p, }w~ ut|wy, ru~, Sp~ yx|p
{puru~~p p~}py y~}pyy, r ux|pu {z |y|p
uuz{p p}ss`tuu. R p{z ypyuz, -}u}, u~ rxp~p
uyuy tq Sp~, {p s|p~ |rp} }puy, uy|p up r
M{r g~p }p~{ ~uruh px |u z u~. Twu ~p r M{ru, r gRqp~uh, uty
}p, r|~u~y, wpp, sp }x{y y q|yp~y ru {pu |{
t~z tuur~u: Ez t~
xtu... ~p }uz Ru}y
{ wyx~y |urz, B tuur~,
{ qut~} u|~p}, B uty~u~~z s|{ Ctu |u
ru|z uu{, K ry}
rup}, { ry} }p~p} I r }p{ |yr p||uz, Stp, stu ~
ry| uz. R y Sp~p ~pp|p wy
r~u~~uz wyx~ uury ru}u~y { |}, r}y~p~y
ty~u. Dpwu qpx O~usy~p t| ~uu ~utu|y} rxp~ {pz yt
ty~. B|ut xp y}y yp}y } ruy} u~ x~pyu|~u {y. Sp{ }| uu tp|u qty: Hpq y
ru y }~z qp|, @ s|px }uw
u} ~uu ~u rty Kp{z-
rpw~z su~up|.
(s|.7,.53-54) Atp wyx~ Sp~ utu|u
p{y} qpx}: r p~ru ~p qtu {rp~~z, ~u rqt~z, p r ru}u~y
~p rutu rqt~u uuryu r}y~p~y y uuwyrpu r
ztu~~ wyx~. Sp{u uuwyrp~yu, . u., pr{}}~y{py <` - ` >, ryrpu }p|~z
q|y{ Sp~, {z, -}u}, xp{|pu r uu q~y { ptp~y,
y~pu sr, typ|syu{u ~u~yu { uqu y ts}. B}~y},
Sp~ q|p pxryp q~ py}y|yrp tsy}y r y|
}u y r wu ru} xptprp|p uqu r. Eu ~y{~ru~yu r ~
O~usy~p |y| uux ptp~yu. Mw~ ut|psp, pr{}}~y{py <` - ` > Sp~ x~ppu }p|~u
~ppr|u~yu uux ptp~yu { ptp~y. Sp{u }p|~u {pur Sp~,
-}u}, q| ryp~ ~p |~u yt y q|yxy { {} ~pt,
{z, |rp} Dur{s r «Hpy{y yx }vrs t}p» y Cuu~p r
«A| y t}p», ypu |~ u~y{r g~up~} u|ru{}h. Np
r~u p}x~p~y u~y{y utpr| qz ~u{ y~s, {p{ ~u
~puty}y uqu }up y r ru}u~y y p~ry}y r p~ru
qux r. Sp{z ~pt~z rxs|t ru{y q| y}u~u~ Dur{y} r
rxs|tu R~y yx gPu|u~y y ~p{pxp~yh y Lyx yx gHpy{ yx t|h.
O~y qu ~y{p r ptp~yu suur y s|q{y} ptp~yu} } ~p
~y, {p{ ~p gu|ru{p ~up|yrs y|y ~up~s h . P }u} }~u~y, wp ypy
|y|p y Sp~z ~yu|~ O~usy~p. K~u~, Sp~ q|
rr }y~p|~ spxt |w~uu y ty~p}y~uu. Su} ~u }u~uu, uu ~r~p }p|~p yu~py,
ru~, ~pty|p } ~ppr|u~y gptp~yuh { O~usy~. Sp{y}
qpx}, |ut~uu yx~p~yu Sp~ r |qry { O~usy~ yqupu pp{u
~u tr}|u~~z, p ptpu|~z |qry, quz rr} {s
~ptp. PQIMEX@NI` |